PT550. Interregional Correlations of SERT in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder compared to Healthy Controls; Investigated with PET and [11C]DASB

s | 3 proline/alanine–rich kinase (pSPAK) and oxidative stress response kinase-1 (pOSR1), a master regulator of KCC2 and NKCC1 activity. The perisomatic expression of pSPAK/pOSR1 altered correspondingly to that of KCC2 and NKCC1. Finally, we administered diazepam, a GABAA-Receptor agonist, to RS-OVX mice with vehicle, alfaE2 and G1 to confirm the normalization of behavior, KCC2, NKCC1 and GPR30 expression prevents the GABAergic dysfunction. Indeed, diazepam showed anxiolytic and anti-depression-like behavior in alfaE2 and G1 group, but not in vehicle treated group. In summary, alfaE2 mimicked the effect of GPR30 agonist and the effect of alfaE2 were completely diminished by G15, indicating that alfaE2 effect directly or deeply involved in the signal pathway of GPR30. We also found that alfaE2 regulate KCC2/NKCC1 activity via SPAK/OSRI. Thus, we propose alfaE2 as a promising medicine for treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases in postmenopausal women. PT548 Azapirones for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review Running Head (Short Title): Azapirones for ADHD Yuki Matsui, Fujita Health University, Japan Abstract Introduction: No meta-analysis has evaluated azapirones (serotonin 1A receptor partial agonists) as anxiolytics for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single-arm trials published before 2015/10/27 were retrieved from major healthcare databases and clinical trial registries. Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Five RCTs (n = 429) and two single-arm studies (n = 62) were identified. Three RCTs compared buspirone versus methylphenidate in children/adolescents, one buspirone patches versus placebo patches in children/adolescents, and one atomoxetine plus buspirone versus atomoxetine versus placebo in adults. The single-arm studies were buspirone trails in children/ adolescents. All-cause discontinuation rates and adverse events did not differ between pooled buspirone and methylphenidate groups. No other meta-analyses of buspirone efficacy and safety versus comparators were conducted due to insufficient data. Two RCTs found no significant differences in parent and teacher ADHD-Rating Scale total scores between buspirone and methyl-Introduction: No meta-analysis has evaluated azapirones (serotonin 1A receptor partial agonists) as anxiolytics for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single-arm trials published before 2015/10/27 were retrieved from major healthcare databases and clinical trial registries. Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Five RCTs (n = 429) and two single-arm studies (n = 62) were identified. Three RCTs compared buspirone versus methylphenidate in children/adolescents, one buspirone patches versus placebo patches in children/adolescents, and one atomoxetine plus buspirone versus atomoxetine versus placebo in adults. The single-arm studies were buspirone trails in children/ adolescents. All-cause discontinuation rates and adverse events did not differ between pooled buspirone and methylphenidate groups. No other meta-analyses of buspirone efficacy and safety versus comparators were conducted due to insufficient data. Two RCTs found no significant differences in parent and teacher ADHD-Rating Scale total scores between buspirone and methylphenidate, while one reported that methylphenidate improved parent and teacher ADHD-RS total scores versus buspirone. Discussion: It has remained unclear whether buspirone use has benefit for ADHD patients and therefore further evidence is needed for better clinical use of buspirone in patients with ADHD. PT549 Increased white matter connectivity in traumatized children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Bung-Nyun Kim1, Subin Park2, Jae-Won Kim1, Soo-Chul Cho1, Doug Hyun Han3, Young Sheen Ahn1 1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea 3Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Abstract Objective: ADHD has been attributed to environmental factors including postnatal childhood trauma. The purpose of this study was to distinguish between the consequences of trauma exposure and those of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on white matter integrity. Methods: A total of 54 ADHD children and 41 controls underwent brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and analysis of covariance was applied to reveal the effect of diagnosis, the presence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and their interaction. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report Short Form (ETISR-SF) was used for the assessment of PTEs. Results: There were significant main effects of ADHD diagnosis for fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in several white matter tracts in the absence of main effects for PTEs including the internal capsule, corona radiate, cingulate, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. There also was a significant ADHD-PTEs interaction in relation to FA and MD values in several white matter tracts including the corpus callosum, internal capsule, corona radiate, cingulum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Conclusion: The results suggest the additive adverse effect of ADHD and childhood trauma on alterations of white matter microstructures. Further longitudinal studies in a larger sample are warranted to evaluate the neurobiological sequelae related to childhood trauma, ADHD, and interaction between the two.Objective: ADHD has been attributed to environmental factors including postnatal childhood trauma. The purpose of this study was to distinguish between the consequences of trauma exposure and those of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on white matter integrity. Methods: A total of 54 ADHD children and 41 controls underwent brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and analysis of covariance was applied to reveal the effect of diagnosis, the presence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and their interaction. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report Short Form (ETISR-SF) was used for the assessment of PTEs. Results: There were significant main effects of ADHD diagnosis for fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in several white matter tracts in the absence of main effects for PTEs including the internal capsule, corona radiate, cingulate, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. There also was a significant ADHD-PTEs interaction in relation to FA and MD values in several white matter tracts including the corpus callosum, internal capsule, corona radiate, cingulum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Conclusion: The results suggest the additive adverse effect of ADHD and childhood trauma on alterations of white matter microstructures. Further longitudinal studies in a larger sample are warranted to evaluate the neurobiological sequelae related to childhood trauma, ADHD, and interaction between the two. PT550 Interregional Correlations of SERT in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder compared to Healthy Controls; Investigated with PET and [11C]DASB Thomas Vanicek1, Alexandra Kutzelnigg1, Cecile Philippe2, Helen L. Sigurdardottir1, Gregory M. James1, Andreas Hahn1, Georg S. Kranz1, Anna Höflich1, Alexander Kautzky1, Tatjana Traub-Weidinger2, Marcus Hacker2, Wolfgang Wadsak2, Markus Mitterhauser2, Siegfried Kasper1, Rupert Lanzenberger1 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2Dept of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria Abstract Background: Abnormal serotonergic signaling has been found to involved in impulsive and aggressive behavior, as well as increased motor activity, which all embodying key symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To capture complex and characteristic neuronal patterns of serotonin trans-Background: Abnormal serotonergic signaling has been found to involved in impulsive and aggressive behavior, as well as increased motor activity, which all embodying key symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To capture complex and characteristic neuronal patterns of serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in medication free, adult patients with ADHD, we performed, similar to structural and functional connectivity brain network analyses, an interregional correlational analysis, using SERT binding potential of the selected ROIs. Methods: 25 medication-free patients with ADHD (aged 32.39 ± 10.15, 10F/15M) without any psychiatric comorbidity and 25 age and sex matched healthy control subjects (aged 33.74 ± 10.20) were measured once with PET and [11C]DASB. The SERT binding potential (BPND) was quantified with a regions of interest (ROI) approach using the multilinear reference tissue model (MRTM2). SPSS was used for computation. Interregional association matrices were calculated between each ROI using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ). Results: The findings of this study show a significant increase in correlation in the precuneus with amygdala, hippocampus, insula, DRN and ACC, of the hippocampus with insula and ACC as well as of the PCC and the ACC (p>0.05; FDR corrected). Conclusions: Compared to healthy control subjects, we found significant stronger correlations in interregional associations of serotonergic neurotransmission in the precuneus, hippocampus, 4 | International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2016 posterior cingulate cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula and dorsal raphe nuclei in patients with ADHD. The precuneus and the hippocampus represent brain regions with the most widespread correlations. The findings of this PET study suggest an inherent neuronal pattern of SERT binding in ADHD, therefore suggesting the SERT in the neurobiology of ADHD. PT551 Recognition and discrimination of facial emotion expression in Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder Young Sook Kwack, Jeju National University Hospital, Republic of Korea Abstract Objectives:Impairment in facial emotion recognition and facial emotion discrimination is established findings in autism spectrum disorders(ASD). And children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also experience significant difficulty in recognizing and discriminating facial emotion. this study aimed to investigate the differences in facial emotion recognition and emotion discrimination between children with ADHD and ASD children. Methods: 53 children, aged 7 to 11 years participated in this study. Among them, 42 children were diagnosed with ADHD and 11 children were diagnosed with ASD. We examined the ability to recognize facial emotion expression by using Penn Emotion Recognition Task (ER40) and we measured ability to discriminate facial emotional intensity by using Penn Emotion Discrimination Task(EDF40). Results: ADHD children were found to have better ability than ASD children in the recognition of happy and sad faces, but there was no significant difference in the recognition of angry, fear, and no emotion faces between two groups. Also, ADHD children recognized facial emotion expression better than ASD children when they shown female faces, but We found no significant difference between two groups when they shown male face. And ADHD children showed better ability than ASD children in the recognition of intense emotion expression but there was no significant difference in the recognition of mild emotional expression between two groups. We found no statistically significant difference in the discrimination of facial emotional intensity between the children with ADHD and ASD children. Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that children with ADHD have better ability in facial emotion recognition than children with ASD, yet have deficit in facial emotional intensity discrimination equal to children with ASD.Objectives:Impairment in facial emotion recognition and facial emotion discrimination is established findings in autism spectrum disorders(ASD). And children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also experience significant difficulty in recognizing and discriminating facial emotion. this study aimed to investigate the differences in facial emotion recognition and emotion discrimination between children with ADHD and ASD children. Methods: 53 children, aged 7 to 11 years participated in this study. Among them, 42 children were diagnosed with ADHD and 11 children were diagnosed with ASD. We examined the ability to recognize facial emotion expression by using Penn Emotion Recognition Task (ER40) and we measured ability to discriminate facial emotional intensity by using Penn Emotion Discrimination Task(EDF40). Results: ADHD children were found to have better ability than ASD children in the recognition of happy and sad faces, but there was no significant difference in the recognition of angry, fear, and no emotion faces between two groups. Also, ADHD children recognized facial emotion expression better than ASD children when they shown female faces, but We found no significant difference between two groups when they shown male face. And ADHD children showed better ability than ASD children in the recognition of intense emotion expression but there was no significant difference in the recognition of mild emotional expression between two groups. We found no statistically significant difference in the discrimination of facial emotional intensity between the children with ADHD and ASD children. Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that children with ADHD have better ability in facial emotion recognition than children with ASD, yet have deficit in facial emotional intensity discrimination equal to children with ASD. PT552 Association of the GRIN2B rs2284411 polymorphism with methylphenidate response in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder Johanna Inhyang Kim1, Kyungmin Kim1, Jae-Won Kim1, Soon-Beom Hong1, Bung-Nyun Kim1 1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,